Election of President and his functions
Published on Sep 18, 2020
The president of India is the head of the state and the first citizen of India. President plays a virtual role in union executive provisions, which are dealt with article 52-78.
In these articles, all the detailed information is available according to which the presidents are selected. These articles also give information about the powers and the qualification of the President.
Who is the president of India?
The president is the head of the state. He is a first member of India and a sign of solidarity, integrity, and unity of our nation. He is also a part of the union executive.
How the president is selected?
There is no direct election for the president. The electoral college responsible for presidential election are:
- Elected members of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha.
- Legislative assembly of the union territories of Delhi and Puducherry.
What is the term of the President's office?
The president can hold the office for 5 years once he is elected he can sit in the office regular 5 years till no election takes place.
What are the qualifications of the President?
- He should be a citizen of India.
- He should not hold any office of the profit under the central, state, or public government.
- His age should be a minimum of 35 years.
- He should qualify the election of Lok Sabha.
What are the conditions of the president's office?
- He should not hold any office for profit.
- The parliament can decide his emoluments and the allowance and privileges.
- He should be a member of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha and if it is not he has been a member of either of the house.
- For his residence, the Rashtrapati Bhavan is provided to him.
- He is given immunity from any criminal proceedings, even in respect of his proposal act.
What are the powers and functions of the president?
Executive powers
- He can appoint the following people:
- Chief election commissioner.
- Chairman and the member of other unions public service
- State governor.
- Finance commissioner of India, chairman, and member.
- He doesn't make any rules to simplify the transaction of the business of the central government.
- He delivers the information to the union governments.
- He appoints a national commission of:
- Schedule caste.
- Schedule tribes.
Legislative powers
- He nominates the 12 members of the Rajya Sabha.
- He appointed the speaker, deputy speaker of Lok Sabha, and chairman of Rajya sabha.
- He summons the joint sitting of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha in case of a deadlock.
- He recommends the permit of many types of bills.
- He lays these reports for the parliaments:
- Union public service commission
- Finance commission
- Comptroller and Auditor General
Financial powers
- His recommendation is very important to improve the money bill.
- He causes the union budget to be laid before the parliament.
- His recommendation is a must to make a demand for a grant.
- The contingency funds of India is in his control.
- He constitutes the finance commissioner every 5 years
Judicial powers
- They are responsible for the appointments of a chief justice and supreme court /high court judges are on him
- He takes advice from the Supreme Court.
- He has pardoning power under article 72.
Pardoning power
- Pardon – with a grant of pardon both conviction and sentence completely absolved.
Diplomatic power
- The president can approve international and agreements.
- He is representatives of India in international forums and affairs
Military power
- He is a commander of the defense force
- Chief of army
- Chief of the air force
- Chief of navy
Emergency powers
- National emergency ( article 352)
- President's rule ( article 356 and 365 )
- Financial emergency ( article 360 )